Rotary boring-drill.



R. E. CARMICHAEL.

ROTARY BORING DRILL.

APPLICATION man NOV. I8. 1918.

Patented Mar. 4, 1915].

4 SHEETS SHEET i.

W/ N R W v 4 L T T EN HE HV 5 mm W R A v E E. PA T w Q R. E. CARMICHAEL.

ROTARY some DRILL.

APPLICATION FlLED NOV. 18. I918 may :1. APMIEHAEL,

INVENTOR 20 I By g 4 H15 ATTORNE7 Patented Mar. 1, 1919.

4 SHEETSSHE ET 2.

R. 'E. CARMICHAEL.

ROTARYBORING DRILL- APPLICATION mm NOV, 1a. 1918.

l 295,9659 Patented Mar. 4. 1919.

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R0157". E. CAPMICHAEL,

INVENTOJ? ms nyfomway R. E. CARMICHAEL. ROTARY BORING DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I8. I918.

Patented Mar. I, IEIIJ.

4 SHEETS SHEIET I.

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ROBERT E. CABMICHAEL, 0F DAMON, TEXAS. I

ROTARY BORING-DRILL.

i ,eozaeeo.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. t, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT E. CAR

MlC-.HAEL, a citizen of the United States, re-

siding at Damon, Brazoria' county, Texas,

have invented a certain new and useful Imdrill bit which will drill a hole of such size that a well casing may be 'driven down after the drill. but in which the bit is collapsible in such manner that it may be withdrawn from the well when necessary for sharpening or adjustment, without removing the casing also.

Another object of my invention is to pr0-, vide a drill bit of the character descrlbed which will be simple and rugged 1n structure and which will not clog in such manner that it will not collapse when it is'attempted to withdraw the tool from the well.

In the accompanying drawing formmga part of this specification I have illustrated the preferred embodiment of my invention although it is obvious that various changes and modifications might be ma' l tl t without departing from the spirit of my-invention.

Referring to the different views wherein like cl laracters of reference are, applied to like parts throughout: Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of my improved drill the blades of the drill being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on thc lino oli' Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal "section similar to Fig. l. but showing the blades of the bit collapsed. Fig. l is a view sin'iilar to Fig. l. but taken at right auglcs to thc'positionshown in that figure. Fig. 5

i, a transverse section taken on line 5--5 of Fig. -l. Figs. 3 and 7 arc views o'l' onc of the drill bladcs detached and Fig. iv is :1 view on a reduced scale showing the upper end of the drill stem and casing and illustrating the Illcuns by which the flushing water finds an -vent rotation of the ring while ,adapted inlet into the pipes while the drill is in operation. Figs. 9 and 10 are longitudinal and transverse views respectively, illustrating the use of my registering means forthe bit.

In the use of my improved collapsible drill I contemplate applying the power from the rotary to an outer casing 6, which is adapted to cause the rotationgof an inner drill stem 7, having attached to the lower end thereof a collapsible bit 9 of the fish tail type now in common use in drilling in soft formations. The manner in which rotation is imparted to the drill stem and the drill attached thereto will more clearly appear in the description which follows. At the lower end of the drill stem 7, I'have provided a specially constructed drill collar 8, having an interiorly threaded shank 9 for attachment to the drill stem.- The drill collar is cylindrical at the point intermediate its ends and is provided at the lower end with a threaded seat 10 into which is threaded a split ring 11 adapted to form an attaching means for the upper arms 12.0f the cutting blades and also conical seat for the upper tapered shank 13 to form a,

upper shank 9, but is dish or bowl-shaped at a of the bit. This ring 11, as shown particu' larly in Fig. 5, is split into two parts, which when properly registered in position, are adapted to be threaded into the seat 10 at the lower end of the drill collar. In order to prevent the ring 11 from becoming unscrewed and loosened from the drill collar, I have provided two set screws .14, one at each side of the said ring, said screws being threaded to fit partly in the drill collar and partly in the ring at the point where they are threaded together, in such manner as to preare in position.

The bit 9 is made up of two blades adapted to tit together on the inner face thereof. said blades each being shank 14 tapered at 13 as previously described. The two blades of the bit 9 are to collapse after the manner of the blades in a pair of shears. lVhen so collapsed they will assume the position shown in Fig. In order to allow for the blades to assume the closed positionthus shown, it is necessary that a part of the tapered upper shank be cut away on each side to allow for a lateral movementof the parts from the expanded position shown in Figs. 1 and 4. to the closed the set screws provided with a thickened position shown in Fig. For this purpose a part. of the shank as shown at 15 on each blade is cut away alone a curved and somewhat irregular line to allow intn'ement of the blades into the collapsible position. It is obvious that when thus collapsed the parts of the shanlt on each of the blades thus cut away will rontaet with each other in such in surh manner that on the elevation of the drill stein the upper surl'aee ot the ring 11 will reeeive the arms 12 and prevent the deturbine of the hit from the drill collar.

In order to hold the blades in eollapsed position while the hit is hein; inserted into or removed from the well I use a locking rio it having an upper thirltened portion 17. This ring' is a such size as to tit loosely within the outer raisin; and to int-lose the blades of the hit in such manner that the thickened portion 17 will hang upon the upper tapered portion of the blades and hold the blades tightly together with the. shoulders adjacent the "utaway portion 15 in close rout-act with each other.

For the purpose of removing the ring 16' from the blades at the proper point within the easintf. l have provided two opposite flanges to on the inner side of the using which project out into the interior thereof a distanee, sutlieient to receive the. ring it} and prevent, further movement downward thereot. The outer casing is also provided at the lower end thereof with two slots 1 approximately opposite ttll'li other but slightly daggered. in order to reeeive the blades of the bit a when the same are expanded into operating position. Slightly above the slot it and below the two flange 1H. l have provided two inwardly projeeting supports or llangres 20. These two supports project inwardly from the sides of the casing: at a point on the inner periphery of the said easinn" at right angles to the position of the llangres ltt previously de cribed and at right angles to the liat'side of the cutting blades of the hit f These flanges are slightly inelined from the horizontal. one of these being int-lined do\\'n\\'ardl in one direction and the other in the opposite direction.

This inrlination is f r the purpose of receiving; the lower inelined shoulders 21 of the blades. I

l ith reference to Fig. in it will he noted that the two supports '20 are slightly stagggfered relative to each other in such manner as to more conveniently receive the shoulders 21 on the lower face of the shank lat of the bit.

. The casing t5 and the drill stem 7 are rotated by the means ordinarily used in rotary drilling rigs. The casing (5 projects upwardly from the derrick platform and is received in a rotary not shown. The rotary motion is thus imparted to the easing ti. The bit. the casing. and the drill stern are supported at the upper end by the usual hail ".22. supported from the upper part of the derrick by the usual block nd tackle not here fillOWIL as forming no part of this invention. The using has at its upper end an enlarged coupling or swage 23, threaded interiorly at its upper end to a length of pipe 24. This pipe is perforated at a point intermediate its ends as shown at 25, and said perforated portion isinclosed by a swivel connection 26, fitting tightly at both ends around the said easing by means of stntlinu boxes '3'? and having a threaded attaching: nipple 28 through which flushing water may be pumped downwardly inside the easing. The said swivel is supported rotatahly upon the casing extension Z-l by means of a' supporting ring :29. :Innnedh ately above the swivel 26 is attached the bail 22. said bail being attached to the supporting bloelt 30, within which the casing extension 24 is adapt-ed to rotate and to be supported by means of a rotary block 31 be tween which and the supporting block 30 areprovided the usual non-friction rollers 13; The upper end of the easing extension 2% is adapted to fit; rotatably around the drill stem 7 and to make a fluid tight eonneetion therewith by means oftlie stufling box 33.

The upper end of the drill stem 7 is provided with a laterally extending, flange SH and tits fluid light within the swivel 35; said tiuid tight joint being made by means ofthe stutling box 3t; beneath the radial flange 34. The swivelilii has attached to the upper end thereof the goose-neck 37 to whieh may be attached a ttexible hose leading; to a water supply.

In Figs. t and 10 l have, shown a means of so turning the hit. as it is lowered into the end of the welh that the blades thereof will he in proper position to expand outwardly through the slots 1 in the casingd l ho inner sides of the easing above the, supports 7 movement by contact with the flanges 4E0 so as to plaee them in the, proper position as sary as will obvious. The flange 40 will serve to remove the ring Iii-when same contarts with the upper edge thereof.

"fitted The operation of inydevice may now be understood. When it is desired to insert the bit 9 into a casing (3 within a well the hit is collapsed into the position shown in .hig. 3. The split ring 11 is unscrewed from the lower end of the drill collar 8 and in the collapsed position the upper arms 1:2 of the bit are introduced .l'he two parts of the split ring 11 are then around the upper end of'the shank ii of the bit and registered in such position an they-may be threaded within the lower nd of the drill collar. When thus screwed ilrplacc', the set screws 11 are introduced thus fixing the ring 11 against removal. The ring i is then dropped down over the blades of the bit holding them collapsed with the SliOllltlQl'S adjacent the cut-away section 15 in close contact with each other,

the bit is then inserted into the. casing.

When the ring 16 comes in contact with the flanges 18 on the interim part of the carsing the ring 16 will be stopped and the bladcs released.

It the registering flange isused no flange 18 will be necessary. The blades of the bit will be diverted by the spiral turn in said flange 40 and turned into proper position to adapt the blades to expand through slots 19 in the casing. When the shoulders 21 on the outer side of each of the'blades come in contact with the supports 20 on the inside of the casing the lower point on said beveled shoulder will strike the supports 20 first and will thus bring the bit to a stop. The inner point of the ring il which forms a conical seat for the tapered-shank 13 of the bit will contact with the upper part of said tapered portion. as shown in Fig. thus acting to push the upper part of the blades toward eachotllcr and to shove the outer portion of the blades outwardly through the slots 19 of the rasing. It will be noted that the shank i l 1? the bit will be clan'iped between the lowciend oi the drill collar and the two supporting flanges the blades will act to expand in an obvious planner and to assume the position shown in Fig. 1. "When expanded to their full ratire position the'shoulders 21 of the t will rest closely upon the inclined .uppori'in g' flanges 20 of the casing. The it oi the drill stem bearing down upon shank of the bit will hold the blades fi mly in position and prevent any lateral movement thcri-roi.

l lushing; w irito the. well from is pumped downwardly the surface for the purinto the drill collar.

2!) in such manner that flange 17 of the ose of washim awar the material disinte- P 2-:

gratedby the rotation of the bit and such material will find a passage upwardly outside of the casing (5 to the surface.- The blades of the bit 9 are adapted to drill a hole of suflicient diameter that the casing may easily follow the bit and space he allowed outside of the said casing for the upward passage of the water. The water pumped into the drill stem finds'an entrance through the goose neck 37 and the swivel 3:3 to the rotating drill stem 6 and passes downwardly through the drill stem to the upper shank of the bit. Water passages 38 are provided through the shank l-i of the bit on the sides adjacent the flat portions of the blades, thus opening downwardly into contact with the material being loosened by thesaid blades. Water is also pumped downwardly inside the casing and between the same and the drill stem. This water finds entrance into the rotating casing through the nipple 28 in'the swivel connection 26 at the upper end of said casing.

From there it passes downwardly and issues into the bottom of the well by means of lateral perforations 39, said perforations being formed immediately adjacent the shank of the bit. It is obvious that a certain amount of this water will also issue directly downward around the sides of the blades of the bit 9. A large supply of flushing water is thus obtained, su'fiicient to keep the blades of the bit clear of disintegrated matter at 7 all times.

and to withdraw them from the slots 19 in the lower end of the casing. The outer shoulders of the blades, as the same are he in}, drawn upwardly will catch upon the locking ring 16 thus serv ing tohold the said blades in contracted position until the surfa e is reached. It is obvious that the supporting flanges 18 may be dispensed with if desired. as the support ing flanges :20 will receive the said ring in sufficient time to release the blades before they are expanded. I prefer however. to release the blades the supporting flanges 20, in order that they may be properly loosened before the slots 1-) in the side of the casing are reached.

The advantages of my improved drill lie at a point slightly above Mid Mitt

in the simplicity of construction by means of which there are no parts to be broken or to get out of order. No springs or other delicate mechanism are necessary in the use of my invention. There is a positive expansion of the blades and equally positive ac tion in contracting the same. The clamp ing of the shanks 1-1 between the drill collar and the supporting, flanges 20 of the casing will serve to drive the blades lirmly outward. When the drill stem is raised the upward arms 12 thereoi are. drawn togethe' and as the bit is raised the outer shoulders otthe blades are drawn in by the beveled upper portion ot the slot 1 thus serving also to contract the blades with an equally positive action. This type of bit is especially useful in boring in formations such as loose sand or heaving shale where it is necessary to leave the casing in the' well in order to properly support the weight thereof when the bit is withdrawn. \Yhen the surface formation has been entirely penetrated and the rock has been reached it may then be necessary to withdraw my collapsible bit. and use in place thereof a rock bit of lill'er ent type. If such is the case a reamer is introduced into the casing after the bit has been withdrawn and the supporting flanges 1H and it) are reamed away from the sides of the casing. rock bit with a diameter the same as the inner part of the casing is lowered into the well and the drilling of the well may then proceed through the rock without the necessity of following the bitwith the casing. it being obvious that the danger of the caving in of the sides of the well no longer exists in the harder rock.

Having thus described my invention, the objects and advantages of which will be obvious without further description what I claim as ne and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. In a collapsible bit for drilling. an t :ter casing the lower end thereof having slots therein, a supporting flange above said slots, an inner drill stem, collapsible cutting blades on said drill stem. a conical seat on the lower end of said drill stem, a conical shank on said blades adapted to'lit in said seat, a lower inclined base on said conical, shank adapted to seat. upon said supportin tlange and to assist in expanding said blades.

2. In a drill ot' the character described. a drill stein, a drill collar thereon. a split ring threaded on said collar forming a conical seat, a pair ot cutting blades in said collar. a conical shank on the upper part of said blades adapted to lit in said seat, curved arms on said blades above said ring, a asing'outside said drill-stem and a support for said bit on said casing.

3. In a device ot the character described 'a drill stem, a drill thereon comprising two collapsible blades. said blades fitting to-.

gather and having an upper conical shank, a conical seat on said drill stem, a lower shoulder on said shank, a casing outside said drill stem and a supporting flange thereon adapted to receive said shoulder to support said bit and to assist in expanding said blades.

l. In a device of the character describeda drill stem, a casing. a drill collar on said drill stem. collapsible cutting blades in said collar. a beveled shank on said blades adapted to fit-in a seat in said collar when said blades are in expanded position. arms on said blades adapted to support said blades in said collar when in collapsed position, and flanges on said casing to support said bit and assist in expanding said blades.

5. In a device of the character described a drill stein, a casing. a drill collar on said drill stem, at supporting flange on said casing, collapsible cutting blades, a ring to hold said blades collapsed, means on said casing to remove said ring, means on said drill collar cooperating with said supporting flange to expand said blades and means on said casing to rotate said blades.

(3. In a device of the character described, a drill stem, a casing outside said drill stem, at collapsible drill on said drill stem, means on said drill stem to expand said drill. i eans on said casing to support said drill and to co" operate with said drill stem in expanding the drill. meansto direct the flushing water through the drill and through said casing.

T. In a device of the character described, a drill stem, a drill collar thereon, a split ring threaded therein, a set of expanding cutters, means on said cutters to hold said cutters in said ring. means on said blades to prevent their contraction beyond the desired point, a casing outside said drill stem, means on said casing cooperating with said ring to expand said :utters.

S. In an expanding drill bit, a pair of cutting blades, a tapered shank thereon, arms on said blades to support said bit. in the drill stem and to assist in collapsing the blades, a beveled shoulder on said shank to assist in expanding said blades, and a flange on said casing to supportsaid bit in operative. positionv Elfln a rotary drill, a casing, supporting flanges thereon, a drill stem, at set of cutting I blades thereon, arms on said blades to support said blades in said drill stem, a tapered shank on said blades, and a beveled shoulder on said shank adapted to seaton said flanges.

10. In. a rotary drill, a drill stein, a rotary using. an expanding drill bit, means on said casing to support said bit, and means to discharge flushing water through both the drill stem and the casing.

11.. In a rotary drill, the combinatimi of a rotatable casing, an inclined supporting shank to seat upon said inclined flange on flange thereon, a drill atom, a drill collar said casing.

tl i'ezgoon, a drill bit in said collar, curved In lestiinon whereof, I hereunto aflix my arms on the upper end thereof, a conical signature this 12 day of Nov, 1918; removable seat in said collar, a conical shank on said bit, and an inclined shoulder on said ROBERT E. CARIVIICHAELV 

